Alzheimer's Disease and the Possible Role of Vitamin D

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological illness that causes dementia. Despite the enormous global economic cost and impact on patients' immediate family members, there is no definitive cure, necessitating the development of improved therapeutic options. While memory and cognition are significantly impaired with (AD), the actual cause remains unknown. Among well-known hypotheses used to explain AD pathophysiology is Amyloid (A β) plaque development and aggregation hypothesis. There are now five FDA-approved medications that are used as therapy alternatives. All medications are used to treat symptoms of (AD.) So, disease modifying treatments that target the AD pathological changes, are required. Those treatments may targeting suppression of the pathogenesis pathways. Vitamin D is generated in human epithelial cells through the photochemical formation and is also obtained through dietary resources. Calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism are two of the most well-known vitamin D impacts. Aside from that, non-traditional vitamin D benefits have recently acquired popularity. Vitamin D regulates the growth and activities of the central nervous system, which is an important but less understood function of the vitamin. Vitamin D's neuroprotective properties are associated with its effects on neurotrophin creation and secretion, neuromodulator synthesis, intracellular calcium homeostasis, and avoidance of oxidative nerve damage. The protective and therapeutic effects of vitamin D on neurodegenerative diseases are not intensively investigated

In this review, a comprehensive approach to understanding the pathogenesis of AD and the possible role of vitamin D in the protection and therapeutic of AD were addressed.