Finite Element Analysis of Micropolar TiO2 Nanoparticle based Nanofluid with Thermal Stratification and Radiation Impact on Heat Optimization

The evolution of nanofluids is important for improving the thermal conductivity of base fluids. The influence of thermal radiation and stratification on the magnetohydrodynamic micropolar nanofluid flow through a shrinking sheet with the prescribed heat flux on the surface is examined. The main aim of this study is to examine the effects of magnetohydrodynamics(MHD), microrotation, thermal radiation, magnetic field, and the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux law. The magnetic field pattern, characteristics of heat source, thermal radiation, and the dispersion of volume fraction having an impact on the effectiveness of nanoparticles’ heat and mass transfer rates. By using boundary layer estimations and similarity substitutions, the partial differential system is transformed into a set of nonlinear differential equations and solved by using the variational finite element procedure. A MATLAB program is developed to assess parametric simulations for skin friction factor, microrotation, fluid velocity, rate of heat transfer, and thermal properties of nanoparticles for the Glariken formulation. It is observed that the temperature field declined due to increasing values of the thermal stratification, and the heat transfer rate accelerated. The proposed optimal results revealed that the skin friction factor is enhanced efficiently by exerting suction and magnetohydrodynamic impact. There is a strong corelation between the two sets of results, which shows that the finite element method used here is accurate.