Estimating the Potential of Electricity Production from the Biogas Using Dairy Cattle’s Manure in Three Provinces of Indonesia

Livestock manure emits nitrous oxides (N2O) and methane (CH4). The well manure management system will reduce the contribution of greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere. Biogas is one of the manure management systems that can produce CH4 gas and be used for renewable energy. The study was conducted to determine the potency of biogas released from the manure of dairy cattle in producing electricity. The study used a series of dairy cattle populations (2018-2021) in three provinces, namely West Java, Central Java, and East Java. Variables used in the calculation were the potential of residential implemented biogas as renewable energy, the total dairy cattle used to provide electricity for residential in a year (AU/Residential), and electricity used in a day per residential (kWH), and the amount of electricity distributed per residential (GWh/year). The results described that biogas as renewable energy could provide electricity for about 34.09-35.91, 40.75-48.31, 92.81-98.92, and 152.83-162.38 residential in West, Central, and East Java, as well as Indonesia. The average electricity consumption in a day was 3767.56-3596.42; 3194.32-3482.53; 3491.43-3716.58; and 4047.20-4198.01 kWh in West, Central and East Java, as well as in Indonesia. Using 2.49-2.62, 2.12-2.31, 2.31-2.46, and 2.68-2.78 AU of dairy cattle/residential kept in West, Central, and East Java kept in West, Central, and East Java can provide about 96.92% of electricity produced nationally from dairy cattle's manure.