Solanum paniculatum Linn: A potential antimicrobial agent against oral microorganisms

In Brazil, several species of potentially medicinal native plants exist, including Solanum paniculatum. This species is commonly known as “jurubeba” and belongs to the Solanaceae family, which is found in several regions in Brazil. It is widely used as a remedy for bronchitis, coughs, arthritis, jaundice, hepatitis, fever and stomach problems. The plant is believed to possess anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, diuretic, hepatoprotective and antimicrobial properties. The chemical constitution of the species contains flavonoids, amides, steroids, lignans, steroidal saponins and steroidal alkaloids. This species is listed in the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia and the "National Report on Medicinal Plants of Interest to the Single Health System (Renisus), due to its potential for use in products of interest to the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Therefore, the value of the present review manuscript lies in its aim to discuss the antimicrobial, antiadherent, bactericidal, fungicidal and anti-inflammatory action of S. paniculatum Linn (jurubeba). Furthermore, it is extremely important to characterize their chemical profile and cytotoxicity, thereby favoring the safe application of natural bioactive substances. A phytotherapeutic agent causes less damage to the body, is inexpensive and is more accessible to the general public. The present review is important to provide the concrete possibility of using phytotherapeutic and medicinal plants as a therapeutic resource in Basic Healthcare Units operated by the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), particularly those represented by the Family Health Strategy.